--- title: "Lapsed", as in "a lapsed Catholic", means no longer practising one'… — Soft words for hard things: religion and fate an… · tree and pragmatics description: "Lapsed", as in "a lapsed Catholic", means no longer practising one's religion (following its prayers, services and rules). Who acts: religion. A sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: religion and fate and failure and mistakes» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school with its --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/32-religion-fate-failure/16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Euphemisms](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/) / [Soft words for hard things: religion a…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/32-religion-fate-failure/) / 16 # Soft words for hard things: religion and fate and failure and mistakes, sentence 16 "Lapsed", as in "a lapsed Catholic", means no longer practising one's religion (following its prayers, services and rules). **Who acts:** religion · **What happens:** lapse, mean, practise, follow, pray · **To what, where:** lapsed Catholic, religion, prayers · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: religion and fate and failure and mistakes» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (religion), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:euphemisms:032-religion-fate-failure.lesson:16 # text = "Lapsed", as in "a lapsed Catholic", means no longer practising one's religion (following its prayers, services and rules). # source = school lesson (ours) # course = euphemisms # lesson = 032-religion-fate-failure.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×3 1 " " PUNCT `` _ 2 punct _ _ 2 Lapsed lapse VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 13 nsubj _ _ 3 " " PUNCT '' _ 2 punct _ _ 4 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 5 as as SCONJ IN _ 13 mark _ _ 6 in in ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 7 " " PUNCT `` _ 10 punct _ _ 8 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 9 lapsed lapse VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 10 amod _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=10:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 10 Catholic Catholic PROPN NNP Number=Sing 13 obl _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=13:obl|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 11 " " PUNCT '' _ 10 punct _ _ 12 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 13 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 14 no no ADV RB _ 15 advmod _ _ 15 longer long ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 16 advmod _ _ 16 practising practise VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 13 ccomp _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=13:xcomp 17 one one PRON PRP Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 nmod:poss _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=19:nmod:poss|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 18 's 's PART POS _ 17 case _ _ 19 religion religion NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obj _ _ 20 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 21 punct _ _ 21 following follow VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 13 parataxis _ _ 22 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 23 nmod:poss _ _ 23 prayers prayer NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 obj _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 25 services service NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 conj _ _ 26 and and CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 27 rules rule NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 conj _ _ 28 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 21 punct _ _ 29 . . PUNCT . _ 13 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=2:punct ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **lapse** *in a quote* | participle | | | | | | | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **lapse** *in a quote* | participle | | | | | | | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **mean** | present | | | | a lapsed Catholic | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 4 | **practise** | gerund | | one's religion | | | | long *property* | tree rules | | 5 | **follow** | gerund | | religion's prayers and services and rules | | | | | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent prayer=Theme | | 6 | **pray** | | religion | | | | | | nom prayer «act intransitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:euphemisms:032-religion-fate-failure.lesson:16`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Soft words for hard things: religion a…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/32-religion-fate-failure/15/) - next →: [Soft words for hard things: religion a…, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/32-religion-fate-failure/17/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/32-religion-fate-failure/)