--- title: Picture a letter home that says "Josh is a natural leader and an ent… — Olympiad: reading between the lines ★★★ · tree and pragmatics description: Picture a letter home that says "Josh is a natural leader and an enthusiastic contributor": his teacher is gently telling his parents that Josh is bossy and shouts out answers. Who acts: you, letter home, Josh, teacher. A sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: reading between the lines ★★★» of the euphem --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/42-olympiad-reading-between-the-lines/4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Euphemisms](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/) / [Olympiad: reading between the lines ★★★](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/42-olympiad-reading-between-the-lines/) / 4 # Olympiad: reading between the lines ★★★, sentence 4 Picture a letter home that says "Josh is a natural leader and an enthusiastic contributor": his teacher is gently telling his parents that Josh is bossy and shouts out answers. **Who acts:** you, letter home, Josh, teacher, answers · **What happens:** picture, say, be, tell, shout out · **To what, where:** letter home, natural leader, parents · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: reading between the lines ★★★» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, letter home, Josh, teacher), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:euphemisms:042-olympiad-reading-between-the-lines.lesson:4 # text = Picture a letter home that says "Josh is a natural leader and an enthusiastic contributor": his teacher is gently telling his parents that Josh is bossy and shouts out answers. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = euphemisms # lesson = 042-olympiad-reading-between-the-lines.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1 1 Picture picture VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 2 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 3 letter letter NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 compound _ _ 4 home home NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 obj _ _ 5 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 6 nsubj _ _ 6 says say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 acl:relcl _ _ 7 " " PUNCT `` _ 12 punct _ _ 8 Josh Josh PROPN NNP Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ _ 9 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 cop _ _ 10 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 11 natural natural ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 12 leader leader NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 ccomp _ _ 13 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 14 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 15 enthusiastic enthusiastic ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod _ _ 16 contributor contributor NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 conj _ _ 17 " " PUNCT '' _ 12 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=16:punct 18 : : PUNCT : _ 1 punct _ _ 19 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 20 nmod:poss _ _ 20 teacher teacher NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 nsubj _ _ 21 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 23 aux _ _ 22 gently gently ADV RB _ 23 advmod _ _ 23 telling tell VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 1 parataxis _ _ 24 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ _ 25 parents parent NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 obj _ _ 26 that that SCONJ IN _ 29 mark _ _ 27 Josh Josh PROPN NNP Number=Sing 29 nsubj _ _ 28 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 29 cop _ _ 29 bossy bossy ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 23 ccomp _ _ 30 and and CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 31 shouts shout VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 29 conj _ _ 32 out out ADP RP _ 31 compound:prt _ _ 33 answers answer NOUN NNS Number=Plur 31 obj _ _ 34 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed voice=narrator | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **picture** | imperative | you *not said here* | a letter home | | | | | vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent home=Theme | | 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | a letter home | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | Josh | a natural leader and a enthusiastic contributor | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **tell** *speech: assert* | present · progressive | Josh's teacher | | Josh's parents | | | gently *property* | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent parent=Recipient | | 5 | **is** | present | Josh | | | | | bossy *property* | tree rules | | 6 | **shout out** *speech: express* | present | answers | | | | | | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:euphemisms:042-olympiad-reading-between-the-lines.lesson:4`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Olympiad: reading between the lines ★★★, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/42-olympiad-reading-between-the-lines/3/) - next →: [Olympiad: reading between the lines ★★★, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/42-olympiad-reading-between-the-lines/5/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/42-olympiad-reading-between-the-lines/)