--- title: Some illnesses used to be a secret or a shame, so people invented so… — Soft words for hard things: illness, disability… · tree and pragmatics description: Some illnesses used to be a secret or a shame, so people invented soft words to talk about them quietly: drinking too much, illness of the mind, and growths that might be cancer. Who acts: illnesses, people, growths. A sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: illness, disability and the b --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/5-drink-mind-and-body/0/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Euphemisms](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/) / [Soft words for hard things: illness, d…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/5-drink-mind-and-body/) / 0 # Soft words for hard things: illness, disability and the body, sentence 0 Some illnesses used to be a secret or a shame, so people invented soft words to talk about them quietly: drinking too much, illness of the mind, and growths that might be cancer. **Who acts:** illnesses, people, growths · **What happens:** use, be, invent, talk, drink · **To what, where:** secret, soft words, much, cancer This is a sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: illness, disability and the body» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (illnesses, people, growths), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:euphemisms:005-drink-mind-and-body.lesson:0 # text = Some illnesses used to be a secret or a shame, so people invented soft words to talk about them quietly: drinking too much, illness of the mind, and growths that might be cancer. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = euphemisms # lesson = 005-drink-mind-and-body.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Some some DET DT PronType=Ind 2 det _ _ 2 illnesses illness NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 used use VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 to to PART TO _ 7 mark _ _ 5 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 7 cop _ _ 6 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 secret secret NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 xcomp _ _ 8 or or CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 9 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 shame shame NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 conj _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 12 so so ADV RB _ 14 advmod _ _ 13 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 nsubj _ _ 14 invented invent VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 15 soft soft ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod _ _ 16 words word NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 obj _ _ 17 to to PART TO _ 18 mark _ _ 18 talk talk VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 14 advcl _ _ 19 about about ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 20 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 obl _ _ 21 quietly quietly ADV RB _ 18 advmod _ _ 22 : : PUNCT : _ 23 punct _ _ 23 drinking drink VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 3 advcl _ _ 24 too too ADV RB _ 25 advmod _ _ 25 much much ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 23 obj _ _ 26 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 27 illness illness NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 conj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=23:obl 28 of of ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 29 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 30 mind mind NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 nmod _ _ 31 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 32 and and CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 33 growths growth NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 parataxis _ _ 34 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 37 nsubj _ _ 35 might might AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 37 aux _ _ 36 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 37 cop _ _ 37 cancer cancer NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 acl:relcl _ _ 38 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **use** | past | some illnesses | | | | | | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **is a** | to-infinitive | some illnesses *not said here* | a secret or a shame | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **invent** | past | people | soft words | | | | | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Result | | 4 | **talk** | to-infinitive | people *not said here* | | | | | about people; quietly *property* | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about they=Topic | | 5 | **drink** | gerund | some illnesses *not said here* | much | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent much=Patient | | 6 | **is a** | might | growths | cancer | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:euphemisms:005-drink-mind-and-body.lesson:0`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Soft words for hard things: illness, d…, 24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/4-illness-disability-and-babies/24/) - next →: [Soft words for hard things: illness, d…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/5-drink-mind-and-body/1/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/euphemisms/5-drink-mind-and-body/)