---
title: "A growth" means a tumour, a lump that may or may not be cancer. — Soft words for hard things: illness, disability… · tree and pragmatics
description: "A growth" means a tumour, a lump that may or may not be cancer. Who acts: growth, lump. A sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: illness, disability and the body» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Soft words for hard things: illness, disability and the body, sentence 16

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"A growth" means a tumour, a lump that may or may not be cancer.

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**Who acts:** growth, lump · **What happens:** mean, not be · **To what, where:** tumour, cancer

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Soft words for hard things: illness, disability and the body» of the euphemisms course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (growth, lump), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:euphemisms:005-drink-mind-and-body.lesson:16
# text = "A growth" means a tumour, a lump that may or may not be cancer.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = euphemisms
# lesson = 005-drink-mind-and-body.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	_
2	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	growth	growth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
5	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	tumour	tumour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	lump	lump	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=5:conj
11	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	17	nsubj	_	_
12	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
14	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
15	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	17	advmod	_	_
16	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	cop	_	_
17	cancer	cancer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	acl:relcl	_	_
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | a growth | a tumour |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tumour=Topic |
| 2 | **not** **is a** | may | a lump | cancer |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:euphemisms:005-drink-mind-and-body.lesson:16`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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