---
title: Each person uses only their own toothbrush, because sharing spreads… — Saving energy, pets at home and the bathroom · tree and pragmatics
description: Each person uses only their own toothbrush, because sharing spreads germs. Who acts: person. A sentence of the lesson «Saving energy, pets at home and the bathroom» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Saving energy, pets at home and the bathroom, sentence 12

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Each person uses only their own toothbrush, because sharing spreads germs.

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**Who acts:** person · **What happens:** use, share, spread · **To what, where:** own toothbrush, germs

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Saving energy, pets at home and the bathroom» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (person), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:everyday:118-energy-pets-and-bathroom.lesson:12
# text = Each person uses only their own toothbrush, because sharing spreads germs.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = everyday
# lesson = 118-energy-pets-and-bathroom.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	uses	use	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	only	only	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
5	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
6	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	toothbrush	toothbrush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
10	sharing	share	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	11	nsubj	_	_
11	spreads	spread	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
12	germs	germ	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	_
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | present | each person | Toddlers's own toothbrush |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent toothbrush=Patient |
| 2 | **share** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **spread** | present |  | germs |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location germ=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:118-energy-pets-and-bathroom.lesson:12`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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