--- title: Spoiled food may smell sour or rotten because bacteria (tiny living… — Smells that warn · tree and pragmatics description: Spoiled food may smell sour or rotten because bacteria (tiny living things too small to see) and moulds are breaking it down. Who acts: Spoiled food, bacteria. A sentence of the lesson «Smells that warn» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of e --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/13-smells-that-warn/14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Everyday](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/) / [Smells that warn](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/13-smells-that-warn/) / 14 # Smells that warn, sentence 14 Spoiled food may smell sour or rotten because bacteria (tiny living things too small to see) and moulds are breaking it down. **Who acts:** Spoiled food, bacteria · **What happens:** spoil, smell, see, break down · **To what, where:** food This is a sentence of the lesson «Smells that warn» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Spoiled food, bacteria), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:everyday:013-smells-that-warn.lesson:14 # text = Spoiled food may smell sour or rotten because bacteria (tiny living things too small to see) and moulds are breaking it down. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = everyday # lesson = 013-smells-that-warn.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2 1 Spoiled spoil VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 2 amod _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=2:amod|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 2 food food NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 3 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 4 smell smell VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 5 sour sour ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 xcomp _ _ 6 or or CCONJ CC _ 7 cc _ _ 7 rotten rotten ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 conj _ _ 8 because because SCONJ IN _ 22 mark _ _ 9 bacteria bacterium NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 nsubj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=22:nsubj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 10 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 11 punct _ _ 11 tiny tiny ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 amod _ _ 12 living live ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 amod _ _ 13 things thing NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 appos _ _ 14 too too ADV RB _ 15 advmod _ _ 15 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 amod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=13:acl 16 to to PART TO _ 17 mark _ _ 17 see see VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 15 advcl _ _ 18 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 13 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=11:punct 19 and and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 20 moulds mould NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 conj _ _ 21 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 22 aux _ _ 22 breaking break VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 4 advcl _ _ 23 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 obj _ _ 24 down down ADP RP _ 22 compound:prt _ _ 25 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **spoil** | participle | | | | | | | vn entity\_specific\_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 2 | **smell** | may | Spoiled food | | | | | sour *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | | 3 | **see** | to-infinitive | bacteria and moulds *not said here* | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | | 4 | **break down** | present · progressive | bacteria and moulds | food | | | | | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:013-smells-that-warn.lesson:14`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Smells that warn, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/13-smells-that-warn/12/) - next →: [Smells that warn, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/13-smells-that-warn/15/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/13-smells-that-warn/)