--- title: Spoiled food often smells sour or bad because bacteria and moulds gr… — Smells that warn · tree and pragmatics description: Spoiled food often smells sour or bad because bacteria and moulds grow in it; but some germs that make you ill give no smell, so a good smell does not prove food is safe. Who acts: Spoiled food, bacteria, germs, good smell. A sentence of the lesson «Smells that warn» of the everyday course of Mova's --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/13-smells-that-warn/3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Everyday](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/) / [Smells that warn](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/13-smells-that-warn/) / 3 # Smells that warn, sentence 3 Spoiled food often smells sour or bad because bacteria and moulds grow in it; but some germs that make you ill give no smell, so a good smell does not prove food is safe. **Who acts:** Spoiled food, bacteria, germs, good smell, food · **What happens:** smell, grow, make, give, not prove, be · **To what, where:** food, you, smell This is a sentence of the lesson «Smells that warn» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Spoiled food, bacteria, germs, good smell), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:everyday:013-smells-that-warn.lesson:3 # text = Spoiled food often smells sour or bad because bacteria and moulds grow in it; but some germs that make you ill give no smell, so a good smell does not prove food is safe. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = everyday # lesson = 013-smells-that-warn.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Spoiled spoiled ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 food food NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 3 often often ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ _ 4 smells smell VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 sour sour ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 xcomp _ _ 6 or or CCONJ CC _ 7 cc _ _ 7 bad bad ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 conj _ _ 8 because because SCONJ IN _ 12 mark _ _ 9 bacteria bacterium NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 nsubj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=12:nsubj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 11 cc _ _ 11 moulds mould NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 conj _ _ 12 grow grow VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 advcl _ _ 13 in in ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 14 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 obl _ _ 15 ; ; PUNCT : _ 23 punct _ _ 16 but but CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 17 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 18 det _ _ 18 germs germ NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 nsubj _ _ 19 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 20 nsubj _ _ 20 make make VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 acl:relcl _ _ 21 you you PRON PRP Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs 20 obj _ _ 22 ill ill ADV RB _ 20 advmod _ _ 23 give give VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 24 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 25 det _ _ 25 smell smell NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obj _ _ 26 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 27 so so ADV RB _ 33 advmod _ _ 28 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 29 good good ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 amod _ _ 30 smell smell NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 nsubj _ _ 31 does do AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 33 aux _ _ 32 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 33 advmod _ _ 33 prove prove VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 advcl _ _ 34 food food NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 nsubj _ _ 35 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 36 cop _ _ 36 safe safe ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 33 ccomp _ _ 37 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **smell** | present | Spoiled food | | | | | often, sour *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | | 2 | **grow** | present | bacteria and moulds | | | food | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in it=Location | | 3 | **make** | present | some germs | you | | | | ill *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset you=Product | | 4 | **give** | present | some germs | no smell | | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent smell=Theme | | 5 | **not** **prove** | present · do-support | a good smell | | | | | | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **is** | present | food | | | | | safe *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:013-smells-that-warn.lesson:3`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Smells that warn, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/13-smells-that-warn/2/) - next →: [Smells that warn, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/13-smells-that-warn/4/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/13-smells-that-warn/)