--- title: Light reaches you almost instantly, but sound travels only about 1 k… — Weather signs and the 30-30 rule · tree and pragmatics description: Light reaches you almost instantly, but sound travels only about 1 kilometre in 3 seconds (about 1 mile in 5 seconds), so counting from flash to bang tells you how far away the lightning is. Who acts: Light, sound, counting, lightning. A sentence of the lesson «Weather signs and the 30-30 rule» of t --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/15-weather-signs/2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Everyday](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/) / [Weather signs and the 30-30 rule](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/15-weather-signs/) / 2 # Weather signs and the 30-30 rule, sentence 2 Light reaches you almost instantly, but sound travels only about 1 kilometre in 3 seconds (about 1 mile in 5 seconds), so counting from flash to bang tells you how far away the lightning is. **Who acts:** Light, sound, counting, lightning · **What happens:** reach, travel, count, tell, be · **To what, where:** you, 1 kilometre, flash · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Weather signs and the 30-30 rule» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Light, sound, counting, lightning), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:everyday:015-weather-signs.lesson:2 # text = Light reaches you almost instantly, but sound travels only about 1 kilometre in 3 seconds (about 1 mile in 5 seconds), so counting from flash to bang tells you how far away the lightning is. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = everyday # lesson = 015-weather-signs.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1 1 Light light NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 2 reaches reach VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 you you PRON PRP Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs 2 obj _ _ 4 almost almost ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 5 instantly instantly ADV RB _ 2 advmod _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 7 but but CCONJ CC _ 9 cc _ _ 8 sound sound NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ _ 9 travels travel VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 10 only only ADV RB _ 12 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=13:advmod 11 about about ADV RB _ 12 advmod _ _ 12 1 1 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 13 nummod _ _ 13 kilometre kilometre NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obj _ _ 14 in in ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 15 3 3 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 16 nummod _ _ 16 seconds second NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 nmod _ _ 17 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 20 punct _ _ 18 about about ADV RB _ 19 advmod _ _ 19 1 1 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 20 nummod _ _ 20 mile mile NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 parataxis _ _ 21 in in ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 22 5 5 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 23 nummod _ _ 23 seconds second NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 nmod _ _ 24 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 20 punct _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=27:punct 26 so so ADV RB _ 27 advmod _ _ 27 counting count VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 32 csubj _ _ 28 from from ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 29 flash flash NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obl _ _ 30 to to ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 31 bang bang NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 conj _ _ 32 tells tell VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 33 you you PRON PRP Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs 32 obj _ _ 34 how how ADV WRB PronType=Int 35 advmod _ _ 35 far far ADV RB Degree=Pos 32 ccomp _ _ 36 away away ADV RB _ 35 advmod _ _ 37 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 lightning lightning NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 nsubj _ _ 39 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 35 cop _ _ 40 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **reach** | present | Light | you | | | | instantly *property* | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent you=Theme | | 2 | **travel** | present | sound | 1 kilometre | | | | in 3 seconds | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme kilometre=Trajectory | | 3 | **count** | gerund | | | | flash and bang | | | vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus | | 4 | **tell** *speech: assert* | present | counting | | you | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent you=Recipient | | 5 | **is** | present | the lightning | | | | | away, far *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:015-weather-signs.lesson:2`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Weather signs and the 30-30 rule, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/15-weather-signs/1/) - next →: [Weather signs and the 30-30 rule, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/15-weather-signs/3/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/15-weather-signs/)