--- title: Lots of untrue words are not lies at all: a made-up story everyone k… — Why people lie, and what is not a lie · tree and pragmatics description: Lots of untrue words are not lies at all: a made-up story everyone knows is made up, an actor playing a villain, a little child's pretend dragon, or «I've told you a million times!» Nobody is being fooled. Who acts: Lots, everyone, actor, lie. A sentence of the lesson «Why people lie, and what is no --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/195-why-people-lie/4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Everyday](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/) / [Why people lie, and what is not a lie](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/195-why-people-lie/) / 4 # Why people lie, and what is not a lie, sentence 4 Lots of untrue words are not lies at all: a made-up story everyone knows is made up, an actor playing a villain, a little child's pretend dragon, or «I've told you a million times!» Nobody is being fooled. **Who acts:** Lots, everyone, actor, lie · **What happens:** not be, make up, know, play, tell, fool · **To what, where:** lies, all, made story, villain, you, Nobody · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Why people lie, and what is not a lie» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lots, everyone, actor, lie), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:everyday:195-why-people-lie.lesson:4 # text = Lots of untrue words are not lies at all: a made-up story everyone knows is made up, an actor playing a villain, a little child's pretend dragon, or «I've told you a million times!» Nobody is being fooled. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = everyday # lesson = 195-why-people-lie.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R4-particle ×1, R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Lots lot NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 nsubj _ _ 2 of of ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 3 untrue untrue ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod _ _ 4 words word NOUN NNS Number=Plur 1 nmod _ _ 5 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 cop _ _ 6 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 7 advmod _ _ 7 lies lie NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root _ _ 8 at at ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 7 obl _ _ 10 : : PUNCT : _ 7 punct _ _ 11 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 12 made make VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 15 amod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=16:amod 13 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 14 punct _ _ 14 up up ADP RP _ 12 compound:prt _ Agree=R4-particle|Haiku=12:compound 15 story story NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 nsubj:pass _ _ 16 everyone everyone PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Tot 17 nsubj _ _ 17 knows know VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 acl:relcl _ _ 18 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 19 aux:pass _ _ 19 made make VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 7 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=7:conj 20 up up ADP RP _ 19 compound:prt _ _ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 22 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 actor actor NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obl _ _ 24 playing play VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 23 acl _ _ 25 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 villain villain NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obj _ _ 27 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 28 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 30 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=33:det 29 little little ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 amod _ _ 30 child child NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 nmod:poss _ _ 31 's 's PART POS _ 30 case _ _ 32 pretend pretend ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 33 amod _ _ 33 dragon dragon NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obl _ _ 34 , , PUNCT , _ 39 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=36:punct 35 or or CCONJ CC _ 39 cc _ _ 36 « « PUNCT `` _ 39 punct _ _ 37 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 39 nsubj _ _ 38 've have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 39 aux _ _ 39 told tell VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 19 conj _ _ 40 you you PRON PRP Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs 39 iobj _ _ 41 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 42 det _ _ 42 million million NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 43 nummod _ _ 43 times time NOUN NNS Number=Plur 39 obl:unmarked _ _ 44 ! ! PUNCT . _ 39 punct _ _ 45 » » PUNCT '' _ 39 punct _ _ 46 Nobody nobody PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Neg 49 nsubj:pass _ _ 47 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 49 aux:pass _ _ 48 being be AUX VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 49 aux:pass _ _ 49 fooled fool VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 7 parataxis _ _ 50 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **not** **is a** | present | Lots of untrue words | lies | | all | | | tree rules | | 2 | **make up** | participle | | | | | | | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **know** | present | everyone | a made story *not said here* | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer story=Stimulus | | 4 | **make up** | present · passive | | a made story | | | | a actor *obl*; a little child's pretend dragon *obl* | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Pivot | | 5 | **play** | gerund | a actor *not said here* | a villain | | | | | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent villain=Theme | | 6 | **tell** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | present · perfect | a lie *= lie* | | you | | time | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent you=Recipient | | 7 | **fool** | present · passive | | Nobody | | | | | vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:195-why-people-lie.lesson:4`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R4-particle ×1, R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Why people lie, and what is not a lie, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/195-why-people-lie/3/) - next →: [Why people lie, and what is not a lie, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/195-why-people-lie/6/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/195-why-people-lie/)