---
title: Example: a boy in Florida swears «cross my heart» that he saw a shar… — Telling when someone may be lying · tree and pragmatics
description: Example: a boy in Florida swears «cross my heart» that he saw a shark in the pool. Who acts: boy. A sentence of the lesson «Telling when someone may be lying» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Telling when someone may be lying, sentence 6

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Example: a boy in Florida swears «cross my heart» that he saw a shark in the pool.

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**Who acts:** boy · **What happens:** swear, cross, see · **To what, where:** heart, shark, pool

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Telling when someone may be lying» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (boy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:everyday:198-telling-when-someone-may-be-lying.lesson:6
# text = Example: a boy in Florida swears «cross my heart» that he saw a shark in the pool.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = everyday
# lesson = 198-telling-when-someone-may-be-lying.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×1
1	Example	example	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=7:nsubj
2	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	4	punct	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=1:conj
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Florida	Florida	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	swears	swear	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	appos	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=0:root
8	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	_
9	cross	cross	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
10	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	_
13	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
14	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	ccomp	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	shark	shark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	pool	pool	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=7:punct
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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No stored speech act for this sentence.

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swear** | present | a boy in Florida |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **cross** *in a quote* | infinitive | a boy in Florida *not said here* | my heart |  |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heart=Patient |
| 3 | **see** | past | boy | a shark |  | the pool |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer shark=Stimulus |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:198-telling-when-someone-may-be-lying.lesson:6`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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