---
title: Many rumours are untrue or twisted, and repeating one makes you part… — Rumours and gossip · tree and pragmatics
description: Many rumours are untrue or twisted, and repeating one makes you part of the harm. Who acts: Many rumours, repeating. A sentence of the lesson «Rumours and gossip» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Rumours and gossip, sentence 10

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Many rumours are untrue or twisted, and repeating one makes you part of the harm.

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**Who acts:** Many rumours, repeating · **What happens:** be, repeat, make · **To what, where:** one, you

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Rumours and gossip» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Many rumours, repeating), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:everyday:202-rumours-and-gossip.lesson:10
# text = Many rumours are untrue or twisted, and repeating one makes you part of the harm.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = everyday
# lesson = 202-rumours-and-gossip.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1
1	Many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	rumours	rumour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	untrue	untrue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	twisted	twisted	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	Agree=R2-punct-next|Haiku=4:punct
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	repeating	repeat	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	csubj	_	_
10	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	obj	_	_
11	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
12	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	_
13	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	xcomp	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	harm	harm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: neg
- teacher: changed polarity=neg

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Many rumours |  |  |  |  | untrue *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | Many rumours *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **repeat** | gerund |  | one |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Eventuality |
| 4 | **make** | present | repeating | you |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset you=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:202-rumours-and-gossip.lesson:10`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [Rumours and gossip, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/202-rumours-and-gossip/9/)
- next →: [Rumours and gossip, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/202-rumours-and-gossip/11/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/202-rumours-and-gossip/)