---
title: Carry a torch and plan to be back before dark, because paths are har… — Hiking and camping safely · tree and pragmatics
description: Carry a torch and plan to be back before dark, because paths are hard to follow in the dark. Who acts: you, paths. A sentence of the lesson «Hiking and camping safely» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hiking and camping safely, sentence 14

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Carry a torch and plan to be back before dark, because paths are hard to follow in the dark.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, paths · **What happens:** carry, plan, be, follow · **To what, where:** torch, dark

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Hiking and camping safely» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, paths), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:everyday:230-hiking-and-camping.lesson:14
# text = Carry a torch and plan to be back before dark, because paths are hard to follow in the dark.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = everyday
# lesson = 230-hiking-and-camping.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1
1	Carry	carry	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	torch	torch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	plan	plan	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	conj	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=1:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VBP:Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
7	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	cop	_	_
8	back	back	ADV	RB	_	5	xcomp	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=5:advmod
9	before	before	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	obl	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
13	paths	path	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nsubj	_	_
14	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
15	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	advcl	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
17	follow	follow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	xcomp	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	dark	dark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **carry** | imperative | you *not said here* | a torch |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent torch=Theme |
| 2 | **plan** | infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  | before dark | back *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **is** | present | paths |  |  |  |  | hard *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **follow** | to-infinitive | paths *not said here* |  |  | the dark |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in dark=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:230-hiking-and-camping.lesson:14`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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