---
title: Stay well back from cliff edges and behind any fence, because edges… — Hiking and camping safely · tree and pragmatics
description: Stay well back from cliff edges and behind any fence, because edges can crumble. Who acts: you, edges. A sentence of the lesson «Hiking and camping safely» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Hiking and camping safely, sentence 9

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Stay well back from cliff edges and behind any fence, because edges can crumble.

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**Who acts:** you, edges · **What happens:** stay back, crumble · **To what, where:** cliff edges

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Hiking and camping safely» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, edges), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:everyday:230-hiking-and-camping.lesson:9
# text = Stay well back from cliff edges and behind any fence, because edges can crumble.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = everyday
# lesson = 230-hiking-and-camping.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Stay	stay	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	1	advmod	_	_
3	back	back	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	cliff	cliff	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	edges	edge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	behind	behind	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	10	det	_	_
10	fence	fence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
13	edges	edge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nsubj	_	_
14	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	crumble	crumble	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stay back** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  | cliff edges and any fence |  | well *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **crumble** | can | edges |  |  |  |  |  | vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:230-hiking-and-camping.lesson:9`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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