---
title: A cold pack helps reduce the pain and swelling of a sting. — Bees, wasps and stings · tree and pragmatics
description: A cold pack helps reduce the pain and swelling of a sting. Who acts: cold pack. A sentence of the lesson «Bees, wasps and stings» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Bees, wasps and stings, sentence 13

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A cold pack helps reduce the pain and swelling of a sting.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** cold pack · **What happens:** help, reduce, pain · **To what, where:** pain, sting

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Bees, wasps and stings» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cold pack), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:everyday:024-bees-and-wasps.lesson:13
# text = A cold pack helps reduce the pain and swelling of a sting.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = everyday
# lesson = 024-bees-and-wasps.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	pack	pack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	reduce	reduce	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	pain	pain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	swelling	swelling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	sting	sting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=9:nmod
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=assert

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present | a cold pack |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **reduce** | infinitive | a cold pack *not said here* | the pain of a sting and swelling |  |  |  |  | vn limit-76 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer pain=Patient |
| 3 | **pain** |  |  | a sting |  |  |  |  | nom pain «state transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:024-bees-and-wasps.lesson:13`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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