---
title: Bees and wasps sting mainly to defend themselves and their nest. — Bees, wasps and stings · tree and pragmatics
description: Bees and wasps sting mainly to defend themselves and their nest. Who acts: Bees. A sentence of the lesson «Bees, wasps and stings» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Bees, wasps and stings, sentence 8

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Bees and wasps sting mainly to defend themselves and their nest.

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**Who acts:** Bees · **What happens:** sting, defend · **To what, where:** Bees

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Bees, wasps and stings» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bees), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:everyday:024-bees-and-wasps.lesson:8
# text = Bees and wasps sting mainly to defend themselves and their nest.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = everyday
# lesson = 024-bees-and-wasps.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1
1	Bees	bee	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=1:cc
3	wasps	wasp	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
4	sting	sting	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	mainly	mainly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=7:advmod
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	defend	defend	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
8	themselves	themselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	7	obj	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	nest	nest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=7:punct
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sting** | present | Bees and wasps |  |  |  |  | mainly *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **defend** | to-infinitive | Bees and wasps *not said here* | Bees *= bee* |  |  |  |  | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent themselves=Beneficiary |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:024-bees-and-wasps.lesson:8`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [Bees, wasps and stings, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/24-bees-and-wasps/7/)
- next →: [Bees, wasps and stings, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/24-bees-and-wasps/9/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/24-bees-and-wasps/)