--- title: Little children are still learning how to play: they cry when they l… — Younger children, losing and practising · tree and pragmatics description: Little children are still learning how to play: they cry when they lose, wander off at the park and put small things in their mouths, so an older child plays gently and keeps them in sight. Who acts: Little children, children, older child. A sentence of the lesson «Younger children, losing and pract --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/251-younger-children-losing-and-practising/0/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Everyday](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/) / [Younger children, losing and practising](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/251-younger-children-losing-and-practising/) / 0 # Younger children, losing and practising, sentence 0 Little children are still learning how to play: they cry when they lose, wander off at the park and put small things in their mouths, so an older child plays gently and keeps them in sight. **Who acts:** Little children, children, older child · **What happens:** learn, play, cry, lose, wander off, put · **To what, where:** park, small things, mouths, children, sight This is a sentence of the lesson «Younger children, losing and practising» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Little children, children, older child), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:everyday:251-younger-children-losing-and-practising.lesson:0 # text = Little children are still learning how to play: they cry when they lose, wander off at the park and put small things in their mouths, so an older child plays gently and keeps them in sight. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = everyday # lesson = 251-younger-children-losing-and-practising.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1 1 Little little ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 children child NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ _ 3 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 aux _ _ 4 still still ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 5 learning learn VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 6 how how ADV WRB PronType=Int 8 advmod _ _ 7 to to PART TO _ 8 mark _ _ 8 play play VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 xcomp _ _ 9 : : PUNCT : _ 11 punct _ _ 10 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 nsubj _ _ 11 cry cry VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 ccomp _ _ 12 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 14 advmod _ _ 13 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 nsubj _ _ 14 lose lose VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 advcl _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=14:punct 16 wander wander VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 conj _ _ 17 off off ADP RP _ 16 compound:prt _ _ 18 at at ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 park park NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obl _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 22 put put VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 16 conj _ _ 23 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 amod _ _ 24 things thing NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 obj _ _ 25 in in ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 26 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 27 nmod:poss _ _ 27 mouths mouth NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 obl _ _ 28 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 29 so so ADV RB _ 33 advmod _ _ 30 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 31 older old ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 32 amod _ _ 32 child child NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 nsubj _ _ 33 plays play VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 advcl _ _ 34 gently gently ADV RB _ 33 advmod _ _ 35 and and CCONJ CC _ 36 cc _ _ 36 keeps keep VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 33 conj _ _ 37 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 36 obj _ _ 38 in in ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 39 sight sight NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 obl _ _ 40 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **learn** | present · progressive | Little children | | | | still | | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **play** | to-infinitive | Little children *not said here* | | | | | | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | | 3 | **cry** *speech: express* | present | children *= child* | | | | | | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **lose** | present | children *= child* | | | | | | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **wander off** | present | children *= child* *not said here* | | | the park | | | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at park=Trajectory | | 6 | **put** | present | children *= child* *not said here* | small things | | children's mouths | | | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent thing=Theme in mouth=Destination | | 7 | **play** | present | a older child | | | | | gently *property* | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 8 | **keep** | present | a older child *not said here* | children *= child* | | sight | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent they=Theme in sight=Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:251-younger-children-losing-and-practising.lesson:0`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Gymnastics, trampolines, winter fun an…, 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/250-gymnastics-winter-sports-and-fishing/21/) - next →: [Younger children, losing and practising, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/251-younger-children-losing-and-practising/1/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/251-younger-children-losing-and-practising/)