--- title: Changing a mark or forging a parent's signature (writing their name… — Tests, exams and mistakes · tree and pragmatics description: Changing a mark or forging a parent's signature (writing their name yourself and pretending they did) is dishonest, and the trouble is much bigger when it is found out. Who acts: Changing, trouble, parent, England. A sentence of the lesson «Tests, exams and mistakes» of the everyday course of Mova's --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/255-tests-exams-and-mistakes/12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Everyday](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/) / [Tests, exams and mistakes](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/255-tests-exams-and-mistakes/) / 12 # Tests, exams and mistakes, sentence 12 Changing a mark or forging a parent's signature (writing their name yourself and pretending they did) is dishonest, and the trouble is much bigger when it is found out. **Who acts:** Changing, trouble, parent, England · **What happens:** change, forge, write, pretend, be, find out · **To what, where:** mark, signature, name This is a sentence of the lesson «Tests, exams and mistakes» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Changing, trouble, parent, England), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:everyday:255-tests-exams-and-mistakes.lesson:12 # text = Changing a mark or forging a parent's signature (writing their name yourself and pretending they did) is dishonest, and the trouble is much bigger when it is found out. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = everyday # lesson = 255-tests-exams-and-mistakes.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Changing change VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 21 csubj _ _ 2 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 mark mark NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 obj _ _ 4 or or CCONJ CC _ 5 cc _ _ 5 forging forge VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 1 conj _ _ 6 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 7 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=9:det 7 parent parent NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nmod:poss _ _ 8 's 's PART POS _ 7 case _ _ 9 signature signature NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obj _ _ 10 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 11 punct _ _ 11 writing write VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 1 conj _ _ 12 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 13 nmod:poss _ _ 13 name name NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obj _ _ 14 yourself yourself PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes 11 obl:unmarked _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 16 pretending pretend VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 11 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=1:conj 17 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nsubj _ _ 18 did do AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 16 ccomp _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=16:advcl 19 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 11 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=1:punct 20 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 21 cop _ _ 21 dishonest dishonest ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 23 and and CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 trouble trouble NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 nsubj _ _ 26 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 28 cop _ _ 27 much much ADV RB _ 28 advmod _ _ 28 bigger big ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 21 conj _ _ 29 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 32 advmod _ _ 30 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 nsubj:pass _ _ 31 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 32 aux:pass _ _ 32 found find VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 28 advcl _ _ 33 out out ADP RP _ 32 compound:prt _ _ 34 . . PUNCT . _ 21 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **change** | gerund | | a mark | | | | | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mark=Patient | | 2 | **forge** | gerund | | a parent's signature | | | | | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent signature=Product | | 3 | **write** | gerund | | England's name | | | | yourself *obl:unmarked* | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent name=Theme | | 4 | **pretend** | gerund | | | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **is** | present | Changing | | | | | dishonest *property* | tree rules | | 6 | **is** | present | the trouble | | | | | big *property* | tree rules | | 7 | **find out** | present · passive | | mark | | | | | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic | | 8 | **sign** | | a parent | | | | | | nom signature «communication transitive»: poss=agent | | 9 | **name** | | England | | | | | | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:255-tests-exams-and-mistakes.lesson:12`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Tests, exams and mistakes, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/255-tests-exams-and-mistakes/11/) - next →: [Tests, exams and mistakes, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/255-tests-exams-and-mistakes/14/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/255-tests-exams-and-mistakes/)