--- title: A loan is money you borrow and must pay back, often with extra calle… — Prices, change, borrowing and lending · tree and pragmatics description: A loan is money you borrow and must pay back, often with extra called interest, so adults borrow carefully; borrowing from a parent and paying it back from pocket money is a small loan that teaches what debt means. Who acts: loan, you, adults, small loan. A sentence of the lesson «Prices, change, bo --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/262-prices-change-and-borrowing/2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Everyday](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/) / [Prices, change, borrowing and lending](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/262-prices-change-and-borrowing/) / 2 # Prices, change, borrowing and lending, sentence 2 A loan is money you borrow and must pay back, often with extra called interest, so adults borrow carefully; borrowing from a parent and paying it back from pocket money is a small loan that teaches what debt means. **Who acts:** loan, you, adults, small loan, debt · **What happens:** be, borrow, pay back, call, teach, mean · **To what, where:** money, loan, pocket money, small loan · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Prices, change, borrowing and lending» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (loan, you, adults, small loan), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:everyday:262-prices-change-and-borrowing.lesson:2 # text = A loan is money you borrow and must pay back, often with extra called interest, so adults borrow carefully; borrowing from a parent and paying it back from pocket money is a small loan that teaches what debt means. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = everyday # lesson = 262-prices-change-and-borrowing.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 loan loan NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _ 4 money money NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 parataxis _ _ 5 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 6 nsubj _ _ 6 borrow borrow VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 acl:relcl _ _ 7 and and CCONJ CC _ 9 cc _ _ 8 must must AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 9 aux _ _ 9 pay pay VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 6 conj _ _ 10 back back ADV RB _ 9 advmod _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 12 often often ADV RB _ 16 advmod _ _ 13 with with ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 14 extra extra ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod _ _ 15 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 16 amod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=16:acl 16 interest interest NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obl _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 18 so so ADV RB _ 20 advmod _ _ 19 adults adult NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 nsubj _ _ 20 borrow borrow VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 conj _ _ 21 carefully carefully ADV RB _ 20 advmod _ _ 22 ; ; PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 23 borrowing borrow VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 20 advcl _ _ 24 from from ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 25 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 parent parent NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obl _ _ 27 and and CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 28 paying pay VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 23 conj _ _ 29 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 obj _ _ 30 back back ADV RB _ 28 advmod _ _ 31 from from ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 32 pocket pocket NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 compound _ _ 33 money money NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=30:obl 34 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 37 cop _ _ 35 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 36 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 37 amod _ _ 37 loan loan NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 38 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 39 nsubj _ _ 39 teaches teach VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 37 acl:relcl _ _ 40 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 42 obj _ _ 41 debt debt NOUN NN Number=Sing 42 nsubj _ _ 42 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 39 ccomp _ _ 43 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=37:punct ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | a loan | money | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **borrow** | present | you | money *not said here* | | | | | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Theme | | 3 | **pay back** | must | you *not said here* | | | | | with extra called interest | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **call** | participle | | | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **borrow** | present | adults | | | | | carefully *property* | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **borrow** | gerund | adults *not said here* | | | | | from a parent | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent from parent=Source | | 7 | **pay back** | gerund | adults *not said here* | loan | | pocket money | | | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Asset | | 8 | **is a** | present | | a small loan | | | | | tree rules | | 9 | **teach** *speech: other* | present | a small loan | | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 10 | **mean** | present | debt | | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Topic | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:262-prices-change-and-borrowing.lesson:2`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Prices, change, borrowing and lending, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/262-prices-change-and-borrowing/1/) - next →: [Prices, change, borrowing and lending, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/262-prices-change-and-borrowing/3/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/262-prices-change-and-borrowing/)