---
title: In winter it gets dark early, and walks that start late can end in t… — Clocks, calendars and planning the day · tree and pragmatics
description: In winter it gets dark early, and walks that start late can end in the dark, cold and lost. Who acts: bus, walks. A sentence of the lesson «Clocks, calendars and planning the day» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Clocks, calendars and planning the day, sentence 20

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In winter it gets dark early, and walks that start late can end in the dark, cold and lost.

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**Who acts:** bus, walks · **What happens:** get, start, end · **To what, where:** dark

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Clocks, calendars and planning the day» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bus, walks), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:everyday:263-clocks-calendars-and-planning.lesson:20
# text = In winter it gets dark early, and walks that start late can end in the dark, cold and lost.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = everyday
# lesson = 263-clocks-calendars-and-planning.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	gets	get	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	_
6	early	early	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	5	advmod	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
9	walks	walk	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj	_	_
10	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
11	start	start	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	_
12	late	late	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	11	advmod	_	_
13	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	end	end	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	obl	_	_
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	conj	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	lost	lost	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	conj	_	_
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: neg
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | present | bus |  |  |  | winter | dark *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **start** | present | walks |  |  |  |  | late *property* | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 3 | **end** | can | walks |  |  | the dark |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:263-clocks-calendars-and-planning.lesson:20`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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