---
title: Crossing against the signal is one of the main ways children are hit… — Traffic lights, crossings and road signs · tree and pragmatics
description: Crossing against the signal is one of the main ways children are hit by cars at junctions. Who acts: Crossing, main ways. A sentence of the lesson «Traffic lights, crossings and road signs» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Traffic lights, crossings and road signs, sentence 19

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Crossing against the signal is one of the main ways children are hit by cars at junctions.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Crossing, main ways · **What happens:** cross, be, hit · **To what, where:** one, children, junctions

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Traffic lights, crossings and road signs» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Crossing, main ways), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:everyday:267-traffic-lights-and-signs.lesson:19
# text = Crossing against the signal is one of the main ways children are hit by cars at junctions.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = everyday
# lesson = 267-traffic-lights-and-signs.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Crossing	cross	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	csubj	_	_
2	against	against	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	signal	signal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	main	main	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	ways	way	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
11	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
12	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	hit	hit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl:relcl	_	_
14	by	by	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	cars	car	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	_
16	at	at	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	junctions	junction	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	_
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cross** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | against the signal | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | present | Crossing | one |  |  |  | of the main ways | tree rules |
| 3 | **hit** | present · passive | the main ways *not said here* | children |  | junctions |  | by cars | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: subject=Theme by car=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:267-traffic-lights-and-signs.lesson:19`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [Traffic lights, crossings and road signs, 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/267-traffic-lights-and-signs/18/)
- next →: [Traffic lights, crossings and road signs, 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/267-traffic-lights-and-signs/20/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/267-traffic-lights-and-signs/)