---
title: In US restaurants people usually leave a tip of about 15 to 20 perce… — Shops, restaurants and libraries · tree and pragmatics
description: In US restaurants people usually leave a tip of about 15 to 20 percent, because it is part of the waiter's pay. Who acts: people, tip, waiter. A sentence of the lesson «Shops, restaurants and libraries» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of ev
---

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# Shops, restaurants and libraries, sentence 11

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In US restaurants people usually leave a tip of about 15 to 20 percent, because it is part of the waiter's pay.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** people, tip, waiter · **What happens:** leave, be, pay · **To what, where:** tip, US restaurants, part

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «Shops, restaurants and libraries» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, tip, waiter), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:everyday:273-shops-restaurants-and-libraries.lesson:11
# text = In US restaurants people usually leave a tip of about 15 to 20 percent, because it is part of the waiter's pay.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = everyday
# lesson = 273-shops-restaurants-and-libraries.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	US	US	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	restaurants	restaurant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
4	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
5	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	leave	leave	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	tip	tip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
10	about	about	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	15	15	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	14	nummod	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	20	20	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	11	nmod	_	_
14	percent	percent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	because	because	SCONJ	IN	ExtPos=ADP	19	mark	_	_
17	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
18	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
19	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	advcl	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	waiter	waiter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod:poss	_	_
23	's	's	PART	POS	_	22	case	_	_
24	pay	pay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	_
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | present | people | a tip of 15 percent |  | US restaurants |  | usually *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent tip=Theme in restaurant=Location |
| 2 | **is a** | present | tip | part |  |  |  | of the waiter's pay | tree rules |
| 3 | **pay** |  | the waiter |  |  |  |  |  | nom pay «possession transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:273-shops-restaurants-and-libraries.lesson:11`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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