--- title: A boy in Ohio ducked under the lowered barrier at a railroad crossin… — Railway crossings, maps and addresses · tree and pragmatics description: A boy in Ohio ducked under the lowered barrier at a railroad crossing because he could not see a train yet; the train came much faster than he thought and only just missed him. Who acts: boy, train. A sentence of the lesson «Railway crossings, maps and addresses» of the everyday course of Mova's pri --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/275-railway-crossings-maps-and-addresses/15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Everyday](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/) / [Railway crossings, maps and addresses](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/275-railway-crossings-maps-and-addresses/) / 15 # Railway crossings, maps and addresses, sentence 15 A boy in Ohio ducked under the lowered barrier at a railroad crossing because he could not see a train yet; the train came much faster than he thought and only just missed him. **Who acts:** boy, train · **What happens:** duck, lower, not see, come, think, miss · **To what, where:** lowered barrier, train, boy This is a sentence of the lesson «Railway crossings, maps and addresses» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (boy, train), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:everyday:275-railway-crossings-maps-and-addresses.lesson:15 # text = A boy in Ohio ducked under the lowered barrier at a railroad crossing because he could not see a train yet; the train came much faster than he thought and only just missed him. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = everyday # lesson = 275-railway-crossings-maps-and-addresses.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 boy boy NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 3 in in ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 4 Ohio Ohio PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nmod _ _ 5 ducked duck VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 under under ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 8 lowered lower VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 9 amod _ _ 9 barrier barrier NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl _ _ 10 at at ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 11 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 12 railroad railroad NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 compound _ _ 13 crossing crossing NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nmod _ _ 14 because because SCONJ IN _ 18 mark _ _ 15 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nsubj _ _ 16 could could AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 18 aux _ _ 17 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 18 advmod _ _ 18 see see VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 advcl _ _ 19 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 train train NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obj _ _ 21 yet yet ADV RB _ 18 advmod _ _ 22 ; ; PUNCT : _ 25 punct _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 train train NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 nsubj _ _ 25 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=5:conj 26 much much ADV RB _ 27 advmod _ _ 27 faster fast ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 25 advmod _ _ 28 than than SCONJ IN _ 30 mark _ _ 29 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 nsubj _ _ 30 thought think VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 27 advcl _ _ 31 and and CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ _ 32 only only ADV RB _ 34 advmod _ _ 33 just just ADV RB _ 34 advmod _ _ 34 missed miss VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 25 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=25:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VBN:Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 35 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 34 obj _ _ 36 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **duck** | past | a boy in Ohio | | | the lowered barrier at a railroad crossing | | | vn avoid-52 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **lower** | participle | | | | | | | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient | | 3 | **not** **see** | could | boy | a train | | | yet | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer train=Stimulus | | 4 | **come** | past | the train | | | | | fast *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **think** *speech: other* | past | boy | | | | | | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **miss** | past | the train *not said here* | boy | | | | | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:275-railway-crossings-maps-and-addresses.lesson:15`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Railway crossings, maps and addresses, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/275-railway-crossings-maps-and-addresses/14/) - next →: [Railway crossings, maps and addresses, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/275-railway-crossings-maps-and-addresses/16/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/275-railway-crossings-maps-and-addresses/)