---
title: Animals can carry germs and tiny parasites that do them little harm… — Wild birds, bats and germs from animals · tree and pragmatics
description: Animals can carry germs and tiny parasites that do them little harm but can make people ill: salmonella on turtles, lizards and baby chicks, worms in dog poo, Lyme disease from ticks, and rabies or similar viruses in some bats. Who acts: Animals, germs. A sentence of the lesson «Wild birds, bats and
---

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# Wild birds, bats and germs from animals, sentence 0

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Animals can carry germs and tiny parasites that do them little harm but can make people ill: salmonella on turtles, lizards and baby chicks, worms in dog poo, Lyme disease from ticks, and rabies or similar viruses in some bats.

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**Who acts:** Animals, germs · **What happens:** carry, do, make · **To what, where:** germs, little harm, people

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «Wild birds, bats and germs from animals» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Animals, germs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:everyday:029-germs-from-animals.lesson:0
# text = Animals can carry germs and tiny parasites that do them little harm but can make people ill: salmonella on turtles, lizards and baby chicks, worms in dog poo, Lyme disease from ticks, and rabies or similar viruses in some bats.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = everyday
# lesson = 029-germs-from-animals.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R7-rel-agree ×1
1	Animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	carry	carry	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	germs	germ	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	parasites	parasite	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	do	do	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=7:acl:relcl
10	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	iobj	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=9:obj
11	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	harm	harm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
13	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
16	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obj	_	_
17	ill	ill	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	xcomp	_	_
18	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
19	salmonella	salmonella	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	_
20	on	on	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	turtles	turtle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nmod	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=15:obl
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
23	lizards	lizard	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	conj	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
25	baby	baby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	compound	_	_
26	chicks	chick	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	conj	_	_
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
28	worms	worm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	conj	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=21:conj
29	in	in	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	compound	_	_
31	poo	poo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nmod	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=21:nmod
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
33	Lyme	lyme	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	compound	_	_
34	disease	disease	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	conj	_	_
35	from	from	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
36	ticks	tick	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	34	nmod	_	_
37	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
38	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	39	cc	_	_
39	rabies	rabies	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	conj	_	_
40	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	42	cc	_	_
41	similar	similar	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	42	amod	_	_
42	viruses	virus	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	conj	_	_
43	in	in	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
44	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	45	det	_	_
45	bats	bat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	nmod	_	_
46	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed polarity=none

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **carry** | can | Animals | germs and tiny parasites |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent germ=Theme |
| 2 | **do** | present | germs and tiny parasites | little harm | germs *= germ* |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **make** | can | Animals *not said here* | people |  |  |  | ill *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset people=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:029-germs-from-animals.lesson:0`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [Farm animals and horses, 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/28-farm-animals-and-horses/20/)
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