---
title: Animal germs can make people very ill, so hands must be washed with… — Wild birds, bats and germs from animals · tree and pragmatics
description: Animal germs can make people very ill, so hands must be washed with soap and water after touching animals. Who acts: Animal germs. A sentence of the lesson «Wild birds, bats and germs from animals» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every c
---

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# Wild birds, bats and germs from animals, sentence 22

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Animal germs can make people very ill, so hands must be washed with soap and water after touching animals.

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**Who acts:** Animal germs · **What happens:** make, wash, touch · **To what, where:** people, hands, animals

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Wild birds, bats and germs from animals» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Animal germs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:everyday:029-germs-from-animals.lesson:22
# text = Animal germs can make people very ill, so hands must be washed with soap and water after touching animals.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = everyday
# lesson = 029-germs-from-animals.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1
1	Animal	Animal	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	germs	germ	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	very	very	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	ill	ill	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
9	so	so	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
10	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
12	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	washed	wash	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	parataxis	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:advcl
14	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	soap	soap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	_
18	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
19	touching	touch	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	13	advcl	_	_
20	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obj	_	_
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | can | Animal germs | people |  |  |  | ill *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset people=Product |
| 2 | **wash** | must · passive |  | hands |  |  |  | with soap and water | vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with soap=Instrument |
| 3 | **touch** | gerund |  | animals |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme animal=Co-Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:029-germs-from-animals.lesson:22`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [Wild birds, bats and germs from animals, 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/29-germs-from-animals/21/)
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- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/29-germs-from-animals/)