---
title: For example, a boy who holds his pet tortoise and then eats crisps w… — Wild birds, bats and germs from animals · tree and pragmatics
description: For example, a boy who holds his pet tortoise and then eats crisps without washing his hands can swallow salmonella germs and get a bad stomach illness. Who acts: boy. A sentence of the lesson «Wild birds, bats and germs from animals» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school with its dependen
---

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# Wild birds, bats and germs from animals, sentence 5

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
For example, a boy who holds his pet tortoise and then eats crisps without washing his hands can swallow salmonella germs and get a bad stomach illness.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** boy · **What happens:** hold, eat, wash, swallow, get · **To what, where:** pet tortoise, crisps, hands, salmonella germs, bad stomach illness

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «Wild birds, bats and germs from animals» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (boy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:everyday:029-germs-from-animals.lesson:5
# text = For example, a boy who holds his pet tortoise and then eats crisps without washing his hands can swallow salmonella germs and get a bad stomach illness.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = everyday
# lesson = 029-germs-from-animals.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	For	for	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	example	example	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	holds	hold	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
9	pet	pet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	tortoise	tortoise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	13	advmod	_	_
13	eats	eat	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
14	crisps	crisp	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	_
15	without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
16	washing	wash	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	13	advcl	_	_
17	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obj	_	_
19	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
20	swallow	swallow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
21	salmonella	salmonella	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	compound	_	_
22	germs	germ	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obj	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	conj	_	_
25	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
26	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
27	stomach	stomach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	compound	_	_
28	illness	illness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	_
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	20	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | present | a boy | boy's pet tortoise |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tortoise=Theme |
| 2 | **eat** | present | a boy *not said here* | crisps |  |  | then |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crisp=Patient |
| 3 | **wash** | gerund | a boy *not said here* | boy's hands |  |  |  |  | vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Patient |
| 4 | **swallow** | can | a boy | salmonella germs |  |  |  | for example | vn gobble-39.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent germ=Patient |
| 5 | **get** | infinitive | a boy *not said here* | a bad stomach illness |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer illness=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:029-germs-from-animals.lesson:5`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

<!-- /div -->

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