---
title: Young animals that seem to be alone, such as fledglings or bear cubs… — Thinking like an animal · tree and pragmatics
description: Young animals that seem to be alone, such as fledglings or bear cubs, usually have a parent close by. Who acts: Young animals. A sentence of the lesson «Thinking like an animal» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Thinking like an animal, sentence 15

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Young animals that seem to be alone, such as fledglings or bear cubs, usually have a parent close by.

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**Who acts:** Young animals · **What happens:** seem, be, have · **To what, where:** parent

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Thinking like an animal» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Young animals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:everyday:030-thinking-like-an-animal.lesson:15
# text = Young animals that seem to be alone, such as fledglings or bear cubs, usually have a parent close by.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = everyday
# lesson = 030-thinking-like-an-animal.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nsubj	_	_
3	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	seem	seem	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
6	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	cop	_	_
7	alone	alone	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	11	case	_	_
10	as	as	ADP	IN	_	9	fixed	_	_
11	fledglings	fledgling	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	bear	bear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	cubs	cub	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	conj	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
16	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
17	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	parent	parent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	_
20	close	close	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
21	by	by	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	17	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **seem** | present | Young animals such fledglings or bear cubs |  |  |  |  |  | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | to-infinitive | Young animals such fledglings or bear cubs *not said here* |  |  |  |  | alone *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **have** | present | Young animals such fledglings or bear cubs | a parent |  |  |  | usually *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent parent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:030-thinking-like-an-animal.lesson:15`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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