---
title: Parents of every kind defend their young, which is why a swooping ma… — Thinking like an animal · tree and pragmatics
description: Parents of every kind defend their young, which is why a swooping magpie, a mother bear or a cow with a calf is more dangerous than the same animal at another time. Who acts: Parents, swooping magpie. A sentence of the lesson «Thinking like an animal» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school 
---

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# Thinking like an animal, sentence 3

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Parents of every kind defend their young, which is why a swooping magpie, a mother bear or a cow with a calf is more dangerous than the same animal at another time.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Parents, swooping magpie · **What happens:** defend, be, swoop · **To what, where:** young

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Thinking like an animal» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Parents, swooping magpie), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:everyday:030-thinking-like-an-animal.lesson:3
# text = Parents of every kind defend their young, which is why a swooping magpie, a mother bear or a cow with a calf is more dangerous than the same animal at another time.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = everyday
# lesson = 030-thinking-like-an-animal.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1
1	Parents	parent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	det	_	_
4	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
5	defend	defend	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	obj	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
9	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
11	why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	27	advmod	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	swooping	swoop	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	14	amod	_	_
14	magpie	magpie	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nsubj	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	_
18	bear	bear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	_
19	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	cow	cow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	_
22	with	with	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	calf	calf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=14:nmod
25	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	27	cop	_	_
26	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	27	advmod	_	_
27	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	advcl	_	_
28	than	than	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
30	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	amod	_	_
31	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	_
32	at	at	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	34	det	_	_
34	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nmod	_	_
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **defend** | present | Parents of every kind | Parents's young |  |  |  |  | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent young=Beneficiary |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | why *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **swoop** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **is** | present | a swooping magpie and a mother bear or a cow with a calf |  |  |  |  | than the same animal at another time; dangerous *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:030-thinking-like-an-animal.lesson:3`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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