---
title: Cages and hutches must be kept in the shade, because small animals c… — Caring for pets, snake bites, bears and the zoo · tree and pragmatics
description: Cages and hutches must be kept in the shade, because small animals can overheat and die quickly in the sun. Who acts: small animals. A sentence of the lesson «Caring for pets, snake bites, bears and the zoo» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics 
---

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# Caring for pets, snake bites, bears and the zoo, sentence 13

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Cages and hutches must be kept in the shade, because small animals can overheat and die quickly in the sun.

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**Who acts:** small animals · **What happens:** keep, overheat, die · **To what, where:** Cages, shade

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Caring for pets, snake bites, bears and the zoo» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (small animals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:everyday:316-new-pets-caring-snake-bites-bears-and-the-zoo.lesson:13
# text = Cages and hutches must be kept in the shade, because small animals can overheat and die quickly in the sun.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = everyday
# lesson = 316-new-pets-caring-snake-bites-bears-and-the-zoo.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Cages	cage	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	hutches	hutch	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
4	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	kept	keep	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	shade	shade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
11	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
12	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nsubj	_	_
14	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	overheat	overheat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	die	die	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	conj	_	_
18	quickly	quickly	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
19	in	in	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	sun.	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | must · passive |  | Cages and hutches |  | the shade |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme in shade=Location |
| 2 | **overheat** | can | small animals |  |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **die** | infinitive | small animals *not said here* |  |  |  |  | in the sun.; quickly *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in sun=Attribute |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:316-new-pets-caring-snake-bites-bears-and-the-zoo.lesson:13`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- next →: [Caring for pets, snake bites, bears an…, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/316-new-pets-caring-snake-bites-bears-and-the-zoo/14/)
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