---
title: A boy in a museum in London leaned on a glass case to see better; it… — Visiting, thanking for presents, waiting to spea… · tree and pragmatics
description: A boy in a museum in London leaned on a glass case to see better; it broke, he cut his arm and a precious object was damaged. Who acts: boy, case. A sentence of the lesson «Visiting, thanking for presents, waiting to speak, places of worship and museums, compliments, and classmates with autism, ADHD
---

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# Visiting, thanking for presents, waiting to speak, places of worship and museums, compliments, and classmates with autism, ADHD or hidden disabilities, sentence 20

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A boy in a museum in London leaned on a glass case to see better; it broke, he cut his arm and a precious object was damaged.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** boy, case · **What happens:** lean, see, break, cut, damage · **To what, where:** glass case, arm, precious object

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «Visiting, thanking for presents, waiting to speak, places of worship and museums, compliments, and classmates with autism, ADHD or hidden disabilities» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (boy, case), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:everyday:324-visiting-thank-you-notes-interrupting-quiet-places-compliments-and-differences.lesson:20
# text = A boy in a museum in London leaned on a glass case to see better; it broke, he cut his arm and a precious object was damaged.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = everyday
# lesson = 324-visiting-thank-you-notes-interrupting-quiet-places-compliments-and-differences.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	museum	museum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	London	London	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	leaned	lean	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	on	on	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	glass	glass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	case	case	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	advcl	_	_
15	better	well	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	14	advmod	_	_
16	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	broke	break	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	parataxis	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
21	cut	cut	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	conj	_	_
22	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	arm	arm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
25	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
26	precious	precious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	object	object	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nsubj:pass	_	_
28	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	29	aux:pass	_	_
29	damaged	damage	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	21	conj	_	_
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lean** | past | a boy in a museum in London |  |  | a glass case |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on case=Location |
| 2 | **see** | to-infinitive | a boy in a museum in London *not said here* |  |  |  |  | well *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **break** | past | case |  |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **cut** | past | boy | boy's arm |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent arm=Product |
| 5 | **damage** | past · passive |  | a precious object |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:324-visiting-thank-you-notes-interrupting-quiet-places-compliments-and-differences.lesson:20`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- next →: [Visiting, thanking for presents, waiti…, 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/324-visiting-thank-you-notes-interrupting-quiet-places-compliments-and-differences/21/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/324-visiting-thank-you-notes-interrupting-quiet-places-compliments-and-differences/)

