--- title: Borrowing without asking is taking, and breaking the thing makes it… — Sweets, change and a friend's toy · tree and pragmatics description: Borrowing without asking is taking, and breaking the thing makes it worse. Who acts: breaking. A sentence of the lesson «Sweets, change and a friend's toy» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/338-sweets-change-and-a-friends-toy/16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Everyday](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/) / [Sweets, change and a friend's toy](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/338-sweets-change-and-a-friends-toy/) / 16 # Sweets, change and a friend's toy, sentence 16 Borrowing without asking is taking, and breaking the thing makes it worse. **Who acts:** breaking · **What happens:** borrow, ask, take, break, make · **To what, where:** thing This is a sentence of the lesson «Sweets, change and a friend's toy» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (breaking), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:everyday:338-sweets-change-and-a-friends-toy.lesson:16 # text = Borrowing without asking is taking, and breaking the thing makes it worse. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = everyday # lesson = 338-sweets-change-and-a-friends-toy.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1 1 Borrowing borrow VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 5 nsubj _ _ 2 without without SCONJ IN _ 3 mark _ _ 3 asking ask VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 1 advcl _ _ 4 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 aux _ _ 5 taking take VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ Agree=R2-punct-next|Haiku=5:punct 7 and and CCONJ CC _ 11 cc _ _ 8 breaking break VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 11 csubj _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 thing thing NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obj _ _ 11 makes make VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 conj _ _ 12 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 obj _ _ 13 worse bad ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 11 xcomp _ _ 14 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **borrow** | gerund | | | | | | | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **ask** *speech: ask* | gerund | | | | | | | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **take** | present · progressive | | | | | | | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **break** | gerund | | the thing | | | | | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer thing=Patient | | 5 | **make** | present | breaking | thing | | | | bad *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:338-sweets-change-and-a-friends-toy.lesson:16`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Sweets, change and a friend's toy, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/338-sweets-change-and-a-friends-toy/15/) - next →: [Sweets, change and a friend's toy, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/338-sweets-change-and-a-friends-toy/17/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/338-sweets-change-and-a-friends-toy/)