--- title: «Borrowing» without asking is still taking: Dad's charger taken to s… — Borrowing without asking · tree and pragmatics description: «Borrowing» without asking is still taking: Dad's charger taken to school and lost meant Dad's phone died at work and he missed a call. Who acts: phone. A sentence of the lesson «Borrowing without asking» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/339-borrowing-without-asking/11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Everyday](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/) / [Borrowing without asking](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/339-borrowing-without-asking/) / 11 # Borrowing without asking, sentence 11 «Borrowing» without asking is still taking: Dad's charger taken to school and lost meant Dad's phone died at work and he missed a call. **Who acts:** phone · **What happens:** borrow, ask, take, lose, mean, die · **To what, where:** charger, work, call · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Borrowing without asking» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (phone), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:everyday:339-borrowing-without-asking.lesson:11 # text = «Borrowing» without asking is still taking: Dad's charger taken to school and lost meant Dad's phone died at work and he missed a call. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = everyday # lesson = 339-borrowing-without-asking.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 « « PUNCT `` _ 2 punct _ _ 2 Borrowing borrow VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 8 nsubj _ _ 3 » » PUNCT '' _ 2 punct _ _ 4 without without SCONJ IN _ 5 mark _ _ 5 asking ask VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 2 advcl _ _ 6 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 aux _ _ 7 still still ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ _ 8 taking take VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 9 : : PUNCT : _ 8 punct _ _ 10 Dad Dad PROPN NNP Number=Sing 12 nmod:poss _ _ 11 's 's PART POS _ 10 case _ _ 12 charger charger NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl _ _ 13 taken take VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 12 acl _ _ 14 to to ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 15 school school NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obl _ _ 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 17 cc _ _ 17 lost lose VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 13 conj _ _ 18 meant mean VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 8 conj _ _ 19 Dad Dad PROPN NNP Number=Sing 21 nmod:poss _ _ 20 's 's PART POS _ 19 case _ _ 21 phone phone NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=18:obj 22 died die VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 18 ccomp _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=18:conj 23 at at ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 24 work work NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obl _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 26 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 nsubj _ _ 27 missed miss VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 22 conj _ _ 28 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 call call NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obj _ _ 30 . . PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: neg - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **borrow** *in a quote* | gerund | | | | | | | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **ask** *speech: ask* | gerund | | | | | | | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **take** | present · progressive | | Dad's charger | | | still | | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **take** | participle | | Dad's charger *not said here* | | | | to school *result* | vn convert-26.6.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Patient to school=Result | | 5 | **lose** | participle | | | | | | | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **mean** | past | | | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 7 | **die** | past | Dad's phone | | | work | | | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | | 8 | **miss** | past | phone | a call | | | | | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer call=Stimulus | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:339-borrowing-without-asking.lesson:11`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Borrowing without asking, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/339-borrowing-without-asking/9/) - next →: [Borrowing without asking, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/339-borrowing-without-asking/12/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/339-borrowing-without-asking/)