---
title: Losing well, by finishing the game and shaking hands, keeps friends. — Cheating in games and sports · tree and pragmatics
description: Losing well, by finishing the game and shaking hands, keeps friends. Who acts: Losing. A sentence of the lesson «Cheating in games and sports» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Cheating in games and sports, sentence 15

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Losing well, by finishing the game and shaking hands, keeps friends.

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**Who acts:** Losing · **What happens:** lose, finish, shake, keep · **To what, where:** game, hands, friends

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Cheating in games and sports» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Losing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:everyday:341-cheating-in-games-and-sports.lesson:15
# text = Losing well, by finishing the game and shaking hands, keeps friends.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = everyday
# lesson = 341-cheating-in-games-and-sports.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1
1	Losing	lose	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	csubj	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=12:nsubj
2	well	well	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
5	finishing	finish	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	advcl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	shaking	shake	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	conj	_	_
10	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	keeps	keep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
13	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	_
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lose** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | well *property* | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **finish** | gerund |  | the game |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality game=Eventuality |
| 3 | **shake** | gerund |  | hands |  |  |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent hand=Patient |
| 4 | **keep** | present | Losing | friends |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent friend=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:341-cheating-in-games-and-sports.lesson:15`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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