---
title: The guilt was worse than the first time, because she had promised. — Snooping on phones, diaries and letters · tree and pragmatics
description: The guilt was worse than the first time, because she had promised. Who acts: guilt, Ruby. A sentence of the lesson «Snooping on phones, diaries and letters» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Snooping on phones, diaries and letters, sentence 6

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The guilt was worse than the first time, because she had promised.

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**Who acts:** guilt, Ruby · **What happens:** be, promise

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Snooping on phones, diaries and letters» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (guilt, Ruby), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:everyday:357-snooping-on-phones-bags-calls-and-codes.lesson:6
# text = The guilt was worse than the first time, because she had promised.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = everyday
# lesson = 357-snooping-on-phones-bags-calls-and-codes.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	guilt	guilt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	worse	bad	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
5	than	than	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	8	amod	_	_
8	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
11	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
12	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	promised	promise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the guilt |  |  |  | time | bad *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **promise** *speech: promise* | past · perfect | Ruby |  |  |  |  |  | vn promise-37.13 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:357-snooping-on-phones-bags-calls-and-codes.lesson:6`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [Snooping on phones, diaries and letters, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/357-snooping-on-phones-bags-calls-and-codes/4/)
- next →: [Snooping on phones, diaries and letters, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/357-snooping-on-phones-bags-calls-and-codes/7/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/357-snooping-on-phones-bags-calls-and-codes/)