---
title: Telling your own friends to stop being unkind can be one of the hard… — Standing by a friend · tree and pragmatics
description: Telling your own friends to stop being unkind can be one of the hardest kinds of courage. Who acts: Telling. A sentence of the lesson «Standing by a friend» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Standing by a friend, sentence 28

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Telling your own friends to stop being unkind can be one of the hardest kinds of courage.

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**Who acts:** Telling · **What happens:** tell, stop, be · **To what, where:** own friends, one · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Standing by a friend» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Telling), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:everyday:370-standing-by-a-friend.lesson:28
# text = Telling your own friends to stop being unkind can be one of the hardest kinds of courage.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = everyday
# lesson = 370-standing-by-a-friend.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Telling	tell	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	11	csubj	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
3	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	stop	stop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	xcomp	_	_
7	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	cop	_	_
8	unkind	unkind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	_
9	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
10	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	cop	_	_
11	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	0	root	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	hardest	hard	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	15	amod	_	_
15	kinds	kind	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	courage	courage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=assert

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | gerund |  |  | your own friends |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent friend=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **stop** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 3 | **is** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | unkind *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **is a** | can | Telling | one |  |  |  | of the hardest kinds of courage | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:370-standing-by-a-friend.lesson:28`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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