--- title: Later Freddie is blamed for starting a fight he didn't start, and Sa… — Standing by a friend · tree and pragmatics description: Later Freddie is blamed for starting a fight he didn't start, and Sam goes with him to the head teacher to say what he saw. Who acts: Freddie, Sam. A sentence of the lesson «Standing by a friend» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every cla --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/370-standing-by-a-friend/3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Everyday](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/) / [Standing by a friend](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/370-standing-by-a-friend/) / 3 # Standing by a friend, sentence 3 Later Freddie is blamed for starting a fight he didn't start, and Sam goes with him to the head teacher to say what he saw. **Who acts:** Freddie, Sam · **What happens:** blame, start, not start, go, say, see · **To what, where:** Freddie, fight · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Standing by a friend» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Freddie, Sam), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:everyday:370-standing-by-a-friend.lesson:3 # text = Later Freddie is blamed for starting a fight he didn't start, and Sam goes with him to the head teacher to say what he saw. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = everyday # lesson = 370-standing-by-a-friend.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Later late ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 4 advmod _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=4:advmod|HaikuPos=ADV:RB:_ 2 Freddie Freddie PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux:pass _ _ 4 blamed blame VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 5 for for SCONJ IN _ 6 mark _ _ 6 starting start VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 4 advcl _ _ 7 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 fight fight NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obj _ _ 9 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 nsubj _ _ 10 did do AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 12 aux _ _ 11 n't not PART RB Polarity=Neg 12 advmod _ _ 12 start start VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 8 acl:relcl _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 14 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 15 Sam Sam PROPN NNP Number=Sing 16 nsubj _ _ 16 goes go VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 17 with with ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 18 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 obl _ _ 19 to to ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 21 head head NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 compound _ _ 22 teacher teacher NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obl _ _ 23 to to PART TO _ 24 mark _ _ 24 say say VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 16 advcl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=22:acl 25 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 27 obj _ _ 26 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 nsubj _ _ 27 saw see VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 24 ccomp _ _ 28 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **blame** | present · passive | | Freddie | | | | late *property* | vn judgment-33.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | | 2 | **start** | gerund | | a fight | | | | | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fight=Eventuality | | 3 | **not** **start** | past · do-support | Freddie | a fight *not said here* | | | | | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fight=Eventuality | | 4 | **go** | present | Sam | | | | | with Freddie; to the head teacher | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to teacher=Initial\_Location | | 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | to-infinitive | Sam *not said here* | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 6 | **see** | past | Sam | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer what=Stimulus | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:370-standing-by-a-friend.lesson:3`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Standing by a friend, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/370-standing-by-a-friend/2/) - next →: [Standing by a friend, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/370-standing-by-a-friend/5/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/370-standing-by-a-friend/)