--- title: Worse, his little brother Ben started copying him and got into his f… — Jake, always in bruises · tree and pragmatics description: Worse, his little brother Ben started copying him and got into his first fight in Year 2. Who acts: little brother, Jake. A sentence of the lesson «Jake, always in bruises» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/372-jake-always-in-bruises/18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Everyday](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/) / [Jake, always in bruises](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/372-jake-always-in-bruises/) / 18 # Jake, always in bruises, sentence 18 Worse, his little brother Ben started copying him and got into his first fight in Year 2. **Who acts:** little brother, Jake · **What happens:** start, copy, get, fight · **To what, where:** Jake, first fight This is a sentence of the lesson «Jake, always in bruises» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (little brother, Jake), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:everyday:372-jake-always-in-bruises.lesson:18 # text = Worse, his little brother Ben started copying him and got into his first fight in Year 2. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = everyday # lesson = 372-jake-always-in-bruises.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1 1 Worse bad ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 7 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=0:root 2 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 3 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ _ 4 little little ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 5 brother brother NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ _ 6 Ben Ben PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 appos _ _ 7 started start VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=1:parataxis 8 copying copy VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 7 xcomp _ _ 9 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 obj _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 11 cc _ _ 11 got get VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 7 conj _ _ 12 into into ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 13 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ _ 14 first first ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 15 amod _ _ 15 fight fight NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obl _ _ 16 in in ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 17 Year Year PROPN NNP Number=Sing 15 nmod _ _ 18 2 2 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 17 flat _ _ 19 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=1:punct ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **start** | past | Jake's little brother | | | | | | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | | 2 | **copy** | gerund | Jake's little brother *not said here* | Jake | | | | | vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme | | 3 | **get** | past | Jake's little brother *not said here* | | | Jake's first fight in Year | | | vn escape-51.1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme into fight=Destination | | 4 | **fight** | | Jake | | | | in Year | | nom fight «act transitive»: poss=agent in=obl | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:372-jake-always-in-bruises.lesson:18`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Jake, always in bruises, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/372-jake-always-in-bruises/17/) - next →: [Jake, always in bruises, 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/372-jake-always-in-bruises/19/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/372-jake-always-in-bruises/)