---
title: Jake thought it was funny, until one evening his mum cried while hol… — Jake, always in bruises · tree and pragmatics
description: Jake thought it was funny, until one evening his mum cried while holding the peas on his eye. Who acts: Jake, bruise, mum. A sentence of the lesson «Jake, always in bruises» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Jake, always in bruises, sentence 6

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Jake thought it was funny, until one evening his mum cried while holding the peas on his eye.

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**Who acts:** Jake, bruise, mum · **What happens:** think, be, cry, hold · **To what, where:** peas, eye · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Jake, always in bruises» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Jake, bruise, mum), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:everyday:372-jake-always-in-bruises.lesson:6
# text = Jake thought it was funny, until one evening his mum cried while holding the peas on his eye.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = everyday
# lesson = 372-jake-always-in-bruises.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1
1	Jake	Jake	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=2:nsubj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing
2	thought	think	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	funny	funny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	ccomp	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
7	until	until	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	evening	evening	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	cried	cry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
13	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
14	holding	hold	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	advcl	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	peas	pea	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obj	_	_
17	on	on	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	eye	eye	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **think** *speech: other* | past | Jake |  |  |  |  |  | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | past | bruise |  |  |  |  | funny *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **cry** *speech: express* | past | Jake's mum |  |  |  | evening |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **hold** | gerund | Jake's mum *not said here* | the peas |  | Jake's eye |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent pea=Theme on eye=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:372-jake-always-in-bruises.lesson:6`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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