---
title: Throwing stones at windows can injure people inside with flying glas… — Street gangs and loyalty · tree and pragmatics
description: Throwing stones at windows can injure people inside with flying glass, and it is a crime called criminal damage. Who acts: Throwing, window, crime. A sentence of the lesson «Street gangs and loyalty» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every
---

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# Street gangs and loyalty, sentence 16

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Throwing stones at windows can injure people inside with flying glass, and it is a crime called criminal damage.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Throwing, window, crime · **What happens:** throw, injure, fly, be, call · **To what, where:** stones, windows, people, crime, criminal damage · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Street gangs and loyalty» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Throwing, window, crime), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:everyday:383-street-gangs-and-loyalty.lesson:16
# text = Throwing stones at windows can injure people inside with flying glass, and it is a crime called criminal damage.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = everyday
# lesson = 383-street-gangs-and-loyalty.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Throwing	throw	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	csubj	_	_
2	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
3	at	at	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	windows	window	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	injure	injure	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
8	inside	inside	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	flying	fly	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	amod	_	_
11	glass	glass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
15	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	crime	crime	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
18	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	acl	_	_
19	criminal	criminal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	damage	damage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **throw** | gerund |  | stones |  | windows |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent stone=Theme at window=Destination |
| 2 | **injure** | can | Throwing | people |  |  |  | with flying glass; inside *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **fly** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **is a** | present | window | a crime |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **call** | participle | a crime *not said here* | criminal damage |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent damage=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:383-street-gangs-and-loyalty.lesson:16`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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