---
title: A blow or a fall onto a hard surface like a kerb can cause a serious… — Bystanders: the crowd, the phone and the ones wh… · tree and pragmatics
description: A blow or a fall onto a hard surface like a kerb can cause a serious head injury. Who acts: blow. A sentence of the lesson «Bystanders: the crowd, the phone and the ones who help» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Bystanders: the crowd, the phone and the ones who help, sentence 24

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A blow or a fall onto a hard surface like a kerb can cause a serious head injury.

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**Who acts:** blow · **What happens:** cause · **To what, where:** serious head injury

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Bystanders: the crowd, the phone and the ones who help» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (blow), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:everyday:393-bystanders.lesson:24
# text = A blow or a fall onto a hard surface like a kerb can cause a serious head injury.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = everyday
# lesson = 393-bystanders.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	blow	blow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	fall	fall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	onto	onto	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	surface	surface	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=2:nmod
10	like	like	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	kerb	kerb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
13	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	cause	cause	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
16	serious	serious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
17	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	_
18	injury	injury	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | can | a blow or a fall onto a hard surface like a kerb | a serious head injury |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition injury=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:393-bystanders.lesson:24`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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