--- title: A car needs time and distance to stop, and its driver may not see a… — Crossing the road · tree and pragmatics description: A car needs time and distance to stop, and its driver may not see a small child, so before crossing you always stop at the kerb, look and listen until the road is clear. Who acts: car, driver, you, road. A sentence of the lesson «Crossing the road» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school wit --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/41-crossing-the-road/0/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Everyday](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/) / [Crossing the road](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/41-crossing-the-road/) / 0 # Crossing the road, sentence 0 A car needs time and distance to stop, and its driver may not see a small child, so before crossing you always stop at the kerb, look and listen until the road is clear. **Who acts:** car, driver, you, road · **What happens:** need, stop, not see, cross, look, listen · **To what, where:** small child, kerb This is a sentence of the lesson «Crossing the road» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (car, driver, you, road), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:everyday:041-crossing-the-road.lesson:0 # text = A car needs time and distance to stop, and its driver may not see a small child, so before crossing you always stop at the kerb, look and listen until the road is clear. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = everyday # lesson = 041-crossing-the-road.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 car car NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 needs need VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 5 and and CCONJ CC _ 6 cc _ _ 6 distance distance NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 conj _ _ 7 to to PART TO _ 8 mark _ _ 8 stop stop VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 acl _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 11 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ _ 12 driver driver NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ _ 13 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 15 aux _ _ 14 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 15 advmod _ _ 15 see see VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 conj _ _ 16 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 17 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 amod _ _ 18 child child NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obj _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 20 so so ADV RB _ 30 advmod _ _ 21 before before SCONJ IN _ 22 mark _ _ 22 crossing cross VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 25 advcl _ _ 23 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 25 nsubj _ _ 24 always always ADV RB PronType=Tot 25 advmod _ _ 25 stop stop VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 30 advcl _ _ 26 at at ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 28 kerb kerb NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 obl _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 30 look look VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 15 parataxis _ _ 31 and and CCONJ CC _ 32 cc _ _ 32 listen listen VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 30 conj _ _ 33 until until SCONJ IN _ 37 mark _ _ 34 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 35 road road NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 nsubj _ _ 36 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 37 cop _ _ 37 clear clear ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 32 advcl _ _ 38 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **need** | present | a car | | | | time | | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot | | 2 | **stop** | to-infinitive | a car *not said here* | | | | | | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | | 3 | **not** **see** | may | car's driver | a small child | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer child=Stimulus | | 4 | **cross** | gerund | you *not said here* | | | | | | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **stop** | present | you | | | the kerb | | always *property* | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at kerb=Location | | 6 | **look** | infinitive | | | | | | | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | | 7 | **listen** | infinitive | | | | | | | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent | | 8 | **is** | present | the road | | | | | clear *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:041-crossing-the-road.lesson:0`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Thinking it through: the science behin…, 30](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/40-home-safety-reasoning/30/) - next →: [Crossing the road, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/41-crossing-the-road/1/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/41-crossing-the-road/)