---
title: His cousin, reading over his shoulder with a mouthful of crisps, sai… — Account swaps and passwords: the door key of you… · tree and pragmatics
description: His cousin, reading over his shoulder with a mouthful of crisps, said «that's the oldest scam in the book, mate. Who acts: cousin, that. A sentence of the lesson «Account swaps and passwords: the door key of your game» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the 
---

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# Account swaps and passwords: the door key of your game, sentence 2

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His cousin, reading over his shoulder with a mouthful of crisps, said «that's the oldest scam in the book, mate.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** cousin, that · **What happens:** read, say, be · **To what, where:** shoulder, oldest scam, book · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Account swaps and passwords: the door key of your game» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cousin, that), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:everyday:411-account-swaps-and-passwords.lesson:2
# text = His cousin, reading over his shoulder with a mouthful of crisps, said «that's the oldest scam in the book, mate.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = everyday
# lesson = 411-account-swaps-and-passwords.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	cousin	cousin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	reading	read	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
5	over	over	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	shoulder	shoulder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	mouthful	mouthful	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	crisps	crisp	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
14	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
15	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	_
16	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	20	nsubj	_	_
17	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	oldest	old	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	20	amod	_	_
20	scam	scam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	ccomp	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
25	mate	mate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	vocative	_	_
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **read** | gerund | Kai's cousin *not said here* |  |  | Kai's shoulder |  | with a mouthful of crisps | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Kai's cousin |  |  |  |  | mate *vocative* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | that | the oldest scam |  | the book |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:411-account-swaps-and-passwords.lesson:2`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [Account swaps and passwords: the door…, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/411-account-swaps-and-passwords/1/)
- next →: [Account swaps and passwords: the door…, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/411-account-swaps-and-passwords/3/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/411-account-swaps-and-passwords/)