--- title: In the USA and Canada, a stopped school bus with flashing red lights… — Buses, trains and being seen · tree and pragmatics description: In the USA and Canada, a stopped school bus with flashing red lights and its stop sign arm out means traffic must stop; you cross in front of the bus, several big steps ahead where the driver can see you, and never behind it. Who acts: stopped school bus, traffic, you, driver. A sentence of the less --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/43-buses-trains-and-being-seen/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Everyday](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/) / [Buses, trains and being seen](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/43-buses-trains-and-being-seen/) / 1 # Buses, trains and being seen, sentence 1 In the USA and Canada, a stopped school bus with flashing red lights and its stop sign arm out means traffic must stop; you cross in front of the bus, several big steps ahead where the driver can see you, and never behind it. **Who acts:** stopped school bus, traffic, you, driver · **What happens:** stop, flash, mean, cross, see · **To what, where:** USA, front, you · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Buses, trains and being seen» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (stopped school bus, traffic, you, driver), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:everyday:043-buses-trains-and-being-seen.lesson:1 # text = In the USA and Canada, a stopped school bus with flashing red lights and its stop sign arm out means traffic must stop; you cross in front of the bus, several big steps ahead where the driver can see you, and never behind it. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = everyday # lesson = 043-buses-trains-and-being-seen.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1 1 In in ADP IN _ 3 case _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 USA USA PROPN NNP Number=Sing 21 obl _ _ 4 and and CCONJ CC _ 5 cc _ _ 5 Canada Canada PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 conj _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ _ 7 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 8 stopped stop VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 10 amod _ _ 9 school school NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 compound _ _ 10 bus bus NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nsubj _ _ 11 with with ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 12 flashing flash VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 14 amod _ _ 13 red red ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 amod _ _ 14 lights light NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 nmod _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 16 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 19 nmod:poss _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=17:nmod:poss 17 stop stop NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 compound _ _ 18 sign sign NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 compound _ _ 19 arm arm NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 conj _ _ 20 out out ADV RB _ 19 advmod _ _ 21 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 22 traffic traffic NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 nsubj _ _ 23 must must AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 24 aux _ _ 24 stop stop VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 21 ccomp _ _ 25 ; ; PUNCT : _ 27 punct _ _ 26 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 27 nsubj _ _ 27 cross cross VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 21 parataxis _ _ 28 in in ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 29 front front NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obl _ _ 30 of of ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 31 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 32 bus bus NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 nmod _ _ 33 , , PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 34 several several ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 36 amod _ _ 35 big big ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 36 amod _ _ 36 steps step NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 nmod _ _ 37 ahead ahead ADV RB _ 42 advmod _ _ 38 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 42 advmod _ _ 39 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 40 det _ _ 40 driver driver NOUN NN Number=Sing 42 nsubj _ _ 41 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 42 aux _ _ 42 see see VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 36 acl:relcl _ _ 43 you you PRON PRP Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs 42 obj _ _ 44 , , PUNCT , _ 48 punct _ _ 45 and and CCONJ CC _ 48 cc _ _ 46 never never ADV RB PronType=Neg 48 advmod _ _ 47 behind behind ADP IN _ 48 case _ _ 48 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 conj _ _ 49 . . PUNCT . _ 21 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **stop** | participle | | | | | | | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | | 2 | **flash** | gerund | | | | | | | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **mean** | present | a stopped school bus with flashing red lights and its stop sign arm | | | the USA and Canada | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 4 | **stop** | must | traffic | | | | | | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | | 5 | **cross** | present | you | | | front of the bus several big steps | | | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 6 | **see** | can | the driver | you | | | | ahead *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer you=Stimulus | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:043-buses-trains-and-being-seen.lesson:1`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Buses, trains and being seen, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/43-buses-trains-and-being-seen/0/) - next →: [Buses, trains and being seen, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/43-buses-trains-and-being-seen/2/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/43-buses-trains-and-being-seen/)