--- title: The teacher asked Ben if he'd seen who. — Covering for a friend · tree and pragmatics description: The teacher asked Ben if he'd seen who. Who acts: teacher. A sentence of the lesson «Covering for a friend» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/436-covering-for-a-friend/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Everyday](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/) / [Covering for a friend](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/436-covering-for-a-friend/) / 1 # Covering for a friend, sentence 1 The teacher asked Ben if he'd seen who. **Who acts:** teacher · **What happens:** ask, see · **To what, where:** Ben This is a sentence of the lesson «Covering for a friend» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (teacher), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:everyday:436-covering-for-a-friend.lesson:1 # text = The teacher asked Ben if he'd seen who. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = everyday # lesson = 436-covering-for-a-friend.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 teacher teacher NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 asked ask VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 Ben Ben PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 iobj _ _ 5 if if SCONJ IN _ 8 mark _ _ 6 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 nsubj _ _ 7 'd have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 8 aux _ _ 8 seen see VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 3 advcl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:ccomp 9 who who PRON WP PronType=Int 8 obj _ _ 10 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | the teacher | | Ben | | | | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent ben=Recipient | | 2 | **see** *a condition, not said to happen* | past · perfect | teacher | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer who=Stimulus | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:436-covering-for-a-friend.lesson:1`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Covering for a friend, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/436-covering-for-a-friend/0/) - next →: [Covering for a friend, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/436-covering-for-a-friend/3/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/436-covering-for-a-friend/)