--- title: Nobody lied about anything; Alfie just took the trouble, and his fri… — Covering for a friend · tree and pragmatics description: Nobody lied about anything; Alfie just took the trouble, and his friend bought him a doughnut. Who acts: Nobody, Alfie, friend. A sentence of the lesson «Covering for a friend» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/436-covering-for-a-friend/23/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Everyday](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/) / [Covering for a friend](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/436-covering-for-a-friend/) / 23 # Covering for a friend, sentence 23 Nobody lied about anything; Alfie just took the trouble, and his friend bought him a doughnut. **Who acts:** Nobody, Alfie, friend · **What happens:** lie, take, buy · **To what, where:** trouble, doughnut, Alfie This is a sentence of the lesson «Covering for a friend» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Nobody, Alfie, friend), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:everyday:436-covering-for-a-friend.lesson:23 # text = Nobody lied about anything; Alfie just took the trouble, and his friend bought him a doughnut. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = everyday # lesson = 436-covering-for-a-friend.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1 1 Nobody nobody PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Neg 2 nsubj _ _ 2 lied lie VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 8 conj _ _ 3 about about ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 4 anything anything PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Ind 2 obl _ _ 5 ; ; PUNCT : _ 6 punct _ _ 6 Alfie Alfie PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ _ 7 just just ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ _ 8 took take VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 trouble trouble NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obj _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 13 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 14 nmod:poss _ _ 14 friend friend NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ _ 15 bought buy VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 8 conj _ _ 16 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 iobj _ _ 17 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 doughnut doughnut NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obj _ _ 19 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=8:punct ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **lie** | past | Nobody | | | | | about anything | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent about anything=Location | | 2 | **take** | past | Alfie | the trouble | | | | | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent trouble=Theme | | 3 | **buy** | past | Alfie's friend | a doughnut | Alfie | | | | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: agent=Agent he=Beneficiary doughnut=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:436-covering-for-a-friend.lesson:23`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Covering for a friend, 22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/436-covering-for-a-friend/22/) - next →: [Covering for a friend, 24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/436-covering-for-a-friend/24/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/436-covering-for-a-friend/)