--- title: Covering means lying or staying silent to protect someone who did so… — Covering for a friend · tree and pragmatics description: Covering means lying or staying silent to protect someone who did something wrong. Who acts: means. A sentence of the lesson «Covering for a friend» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/436-covering-for-a-friend/25/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Everyday](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/) / [Covering for a friend](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/436-covering-for-a-friend/) / 25 # Covering for a friend, sentence 25 Covering means lying or staying silent to protect someone who did something wrong. **Who acts:** means · **What happens:** cover, lie, stay, protect, do · **To what, where:** means, someone, something This is a sentence of the lesson «Covering for a friend» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (means), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:everyday:436-covering-for-a-friend.lesson:25 # text = Covering means lying or staying silent to protect someone who did something wrong. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = everyday # lesson = 436-covering-for-a-friend.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 Covering cover VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 2 means means NOUN NNS Number=Ptan 1 obj _ _ 3 lying lie VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 2 acl _ _ 4 or or CCONJ CC _ 5 cc _ _ 5 staying stay VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 3 conj _ _ 6 silent silent ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 xcomp _ _ 7 to to PART TO _ 8 mark _ _ 8 protect protect VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 6 advcl _ _ 9 someone someone PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Ind 8 obj _ _ 10 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 11 nsubj _ _ 11 did do VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 9 acl:relcl _ _ 12 something something PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Ind 11 obj _ _ 13 wrong wrong ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 amod _ _ 14 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **cover** | gerund | | means | | | | | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme means=Destination | | 2 | **lie** | gerund | means *not said here* | | | | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **stay** | gerund | means *not said here* | | | | | silent *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **protect** | to-infinitive | means *not said here* | | someone | | | | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent someone=Beneficiary | | 5 | **do** | past | | something | | | | | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:436-covering-for-a-friend.lesson:25`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Covering for a friend, 24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/436-covering-for-a-friend/24/) - next →: [Covering for a friend, 28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/436-covering-for-a-friend/28/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/436-covering-for-a-friend/)