--- title: Ben said «I didn't see.» The camera showed Jamie — and Ben standing… — Covering for a friend · tree and pragmatics description: Ben said «I didn't see.» The camera showed Jamie — and Ben standing right next to him. Who acts: Ben, camera. A sentence of the lesson «Covering for a friend» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/436-covering-for-a-friend/3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Everyday](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/) / [Covering for a friend](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/436-covering-for-a-friend/) / 3 # Covering for a friend, sentence 3 Ben said «I didn't see.» The camera showed Jamie — and Ben standing right next to him. **Who acts:** Ben, camera · **What happens:** say, not see, show, stand · **To what, where:** Jamie · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Covering for a friend» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ben, camera), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:everyday:436-covering-for-a-friend.lesson:3 # text = Ben said «I didn't see.» The camera showed Jamie — and Ben standing right next to him. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = everyday # lesson = 436-covering-for-a-friend.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Ben Ben PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 2 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 « « PUNCT `` _ 7 punct _ _ 4 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 7 nsubj _ _ 5 did do AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 7 aux _ _ 6 n't not PART RB Polarity=Neg 7 advmod _ _ 7 see see VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 2 ccomp _ _ 8 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ 9 » » PUNCT '' _ 7 punct _ _ 10 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 camera camera NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ _ 12 showed show VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 ccomp _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:parataxis 13 Jamie Jamie PROPN NNP Number=Sing 12 obj _ _ 14 — - PUNCT : _ 16 punct _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 16 Ben Ben PROPN NNP Number=Sing 13 conj _ _ 17 standing stand VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 16 acl _ _ 18 right right ADV RB _ 19 advmod _ _ 19 next next ADV RB _ 17 advmod _ _ 20 to to ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 21 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 obl _ _ 22 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Ben | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **not** **see** *in a quote* | past · do-support | Ben | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | | 3 | **show** | past | the camera | | Jamie and Ben | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent jamie=Recipient | | 4 | **stand** | gerund | Ben *not said here* | | | | | next *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:436-covering-for-a-friend.lesson:3`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Covering for a friend, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/436-covering-for-a-friend/1/) - next →: [Covering for a friend, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/436-covering-for-a-friend/4/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/436-covering-for-a-friend/)