---
title: You don't have to tell on a friend for every small thing, but lying… — Covering for a friend · tree and pragmatics
description: You don't have to tell on a friend for every small thing, but lying for them is different, and it often drags you in. Who acts: You, lying, friend. A sentence of the lesson «Covering for a friend» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every cl
---

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# Covering for a friend, sentence 7

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
You don't have to tell on a friend for every small thing, but lying for them is different, and it often drags you in.

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**Who acts:** You, lying, friend · **What happens:** not have, tell, lie, be, drag in · **To what, where:** you · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Covering for a friend» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (You, lying, friend), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:everyday:436-covering-for-a-friend.lesson:7
# text = You don't have to tell on a friend for every small thing, but lying for them is different, and it often drags you in.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = everyday
# lesson = 436-covering-for-a-friend.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	tell	tell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	13	det	_	_
12	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
15	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
16	lying	lie	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	20	csubj	_	_
17	for	for	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	obl	_	_
19	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
20	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
23	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
24	often	often	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
25	drags	drag	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
26	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	25	obj	_	_
27	in	in	ADP	RP	_	25	compound:prt	_	_
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: evaluate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **have** | present · do-support | You |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **tell** *speech: assert* | to-infinitive | You *not said here* |  |  |  |  | on a friend; for every small thing | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **lie** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | for them *= they* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is** | present | lying |  |  |  |  | different *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **drag in** | present | friend | you |  |  |  | often *property* | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:436-covering-for-a-friend.lesson:7`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- next →: [Covering for a friend, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/436-covering-for-a-friend/9/)
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