---
title: Test second-hand things before you pay. — «Only one left!»: shops and adverts · tree and pragmatics
description: Test second-hand things before you pay. Who acts: you. A sentence of the lesson ««Only one left!»: shops and adverts» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# «Only one left!»: shops and adverts, sentence 31

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Test second-hand things before you pay.

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**Who acts:** you · **What happens:** test, pay · **To what, where:** second hand things

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This is a sentence of the lesson ««Only one left!»: shops and adverts» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:everyday:441-only-one-left-shops-and-adverts.lesson:31
# text = Test second-hand things before you pay.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = everyday
# lesson = 441-only-one-left-shops-and-adverts.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Test	test	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	second	second	ADJ	JJ	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	5	amod	_	_
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	5	punct	_	_
4	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
6	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	pay	pay	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	_
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: command
- act: request
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **test** | imperative | you *not said here* | second hand things |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Theme |
| 2 | **pay** | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:441-only-one-left-shops-and-adverts.lesson:31`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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