---
title: When two stories clash, a witness who saw it from outside can help s… — Stories that change · tree and pragmatics
description: When two stories clash, a witness who saw it from outside can help settle it. Who acts: two stories, witness. A sentence of the lesson «Stories that change» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Stories that change, sentence 45

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
When two stories clash, a witness who saw it from outside can help settle it.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** two stories, witness · **What happens:** clash, see, help, settle · **To what, where:** story

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Stories that change» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (two stories, witness), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:everyday:449-stories-that-change.lesson:45
# text = When two stories clash, a witness who saw it from outside can help settle it.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = everyday
# lesson = 449-stories-that-change.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	When	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	4	mark	_	_
2	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	stories	story	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	clash	clash	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	advcl	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	witness	witness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
8	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	from	from	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	outside	outside	ADV	RB	_	9	obl	_	_
13	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	help	help	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
15	settle	settle	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	xcomp	_	_
16	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	_
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=assert

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **clash** | present | two stories |  |  |  |  |  | vn battle-36.4 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **see** | past | a witness | story |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus |
| 3 | **help** | can | a witness |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 4 | **settle** | infinitive | a witness *not said here* | story |  |  |  |  | vn odge-46-1 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme it=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:449-stories-that-change.lesson:45`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [Stories that change, 44](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/449-stories-that-change/44/)
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- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/everyday/449-stories-that-change/)