---
title: Leo's mum told him to stop lending; Leo was sad, because he liked hi… — Lied to by someone you love · tree and pragmatics
description: Leo's mum told him to stop lending; Leo was sad, because he liked his uncle. Who acts: mum, Leo. A sentence of the lesson «Lied to by someone you love» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Lied to by someone you love, sentence 34

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Leo's mum told him to stop lending; Leo was sad, because he liked his uncle.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** mum, Leo · **What happens:** tell, stop, lend, be, like · **To what, where:** Leo, uncle · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Lied to by someone you love» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (mum, Leo), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:everyday:453-lied-to-by-someone-you-love.lesson:34
# text = Leo's mum told him to stop lending; Leo was sad, because he liked his uncle.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = everyday
# lesson = 453-lied-to-by-someone-you-love.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1
1	Leo	Leo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	iobj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	stop	stop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
8	lending	lend	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	xcomp	_	_
9	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	Leo	Leo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
11	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
12	sad	sad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	parataxis	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:conj
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
15	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	liked	like	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	advcl	_	_
17	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	uncle	uncle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | Leo's mum |  | Leo |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **stop** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | Leo's mum *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **lend** | gerund | Leo's mum *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is** | past | Leo |  |  |  |  | sad *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **like** | past | Leo | Leo's uncle |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot uncle=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:everyday:453-lied-to-by-someone-you-love.lesson:34`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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